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Question:
1) If you fail to pay your credit card bills, what are the consequences and how long will your credit score be affected?
2. If you file for bankruptcy, are there ways to speed up the recovery of your credit score?
3. Does it matter/help if you have one credit card for say, $100,000 or 10 credit cards with $10,000 balances, in terms of debt consolidation and consequences of not paying them?
4. In terms of long term consequences (credit score, ability to get credit, employment, etc), which bankruptcy hurts you the most? What about bankruptcy vs. foreclosure?
Answer:
1) As with most consumer debts, failing to make payments on your credit card accounts in a timely manner will likely result in the lenders reporting late payments to the major U.S. consumer credit bureaus--Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion. After receiving no payment for 6-8 months, the creditors will be required to “charge off” the debts, meaning that they must remove the debt from their “accounts receivable” books; a charge-off does not mean that you are not liable for the debt, only that the creditor. Charge-offs will appear as derogatory items on your credit reports, and will likely cause a significant reduction in your credit score. To read more about credit, credit scoring, and credit reports, I encourage you to visit the Bills.com Credit Information & Resources page at http://www.bills.com/credit/.
While the credit problems associated with financial hardship are an issue for consumers who are planning to make a large purchase in the near future, the more immediate consequence experienced by most consumers are the collection activities undertaken by many creditors. First, you will likely receive collection calls and letters from the creditor directly. If you are still unable to pay the debt after several months, the creditor is likely to refer the account to a third-party collection agency. Third-party collectors are known to be much more aggressive in their collection tactics than original creditors, so do not be surprised if the calls become more persistent, or even threatening. Thankfully, federal law, the Fair Debt Collections Practices Act, requires third-party debt collectors to stop calling you if you send a written demand to cease communication. You can find an example cease communication demand letter at about.com.
In some cases, when all other collection efforts fail, a creditor will decide to file a lawsuit against a consumer for his or her unpaid credit card account. In my experience, only a small percentage of delinquent accounts end up in litigation, but it is a possibility about which you should be aware. If one of your creditors sues you, the court will likely issue a judgment in the creditor’s favor. Depending on your state’s laws regarding the enforcement of judgments, the creditor may be able to garnish your wages, levy your bank accounts, or take other action to enforce its judgment. Most consumer debts do not result in litigation, so you should not be overly concerned, but if a creditor does file a lawsuit against you, you may need to consider establishing a repayment plan, or even filing for bankruptcy protection, to prevent further enforcement action.
2) If you decide to file for bankruptcy protection, the case will appear on your credit reports for ten years from the date of filing, and will likely cause significant damage to your credit rating, especially for the first few years after filing. As time passes, credit scoring models and most lenders give less weight to older derogatory items in favor of newer positive trade lines when reviewing a consumer’s credit history. You will need to establish some new credit lines so you can establish positive payment history to counterbalance the negative impact of your bankruptcy filing. Establishing a positive payment history can be difficult for people who have had past credit problems, especially those who have been forced to file for bankruptcy protection. There are several options available that you may want to consider. First, if you know someone with an established credit history who will co-sign a loan with you, you may be able to obtain a loan and start building his own credit. If you cannot find someone to co-sign an unsecured loan with you, there is always the option of taking out a secured credit card. Secured credit cards require you to deposit cash in an account with the credit card bank. The credit line available on the card is equal to the amount of cash you have on deposit. This may sound strange; why would you not just spend your own cash? However, these secured credit cards report timely payments to the credit bureaus and may help you establish a credit history. To read more about bankruptcy, and the alternatives available to consumers, I encourage you to visit the Bills.com debt help page at http://www.bills.com/debt-help/.
3) In terms of your credit score, it would probably be better to have a single large account which you are unable to repay rather than having multiple delinquent accounts. Although the large account would be more heavily weighted, a single delinquent account is preferable to numerous small delinquencies. As for debt consolidation, debt management, or debt settlement, generally the opposite would be true—the more accounts you have, the more flexibility the debt servicing company would have in negotiating with your creditors. If you have only one account, if the creditor is unwilling to negotiate, the whole plan is bust; however, if you have multiple creditors, one or two creditors’ refusal to cooperate will not defeat the plan as a whole.
4) Both types of bankruptcy (Chapter 7 and Chapter 13), as well as foreclosure actions, are viewed as serious derogatory items on consumer credit histories. I cannot say that one is “worse” than the other, as each has its own serious consequences. However, I can tell you that a foreclosure action is often more costly for consumers; in addition, many consumers find that they must file for bankruptcy after foreclosure in order to prevent further collection action by their mortgage lender. If you are facing foreclosure and/or considering filing for bankruptcy protection, I strongly encourage you to consult with an attorney in your area to discuss your financial difficulties; your attorney should be able to review the details of your situation and help you decide what actions are appropriate for you and your family.
I wish you the best of luck in resolving the financial problems you are facing, and hope that the information I have provided helps you Find. Learn. Save.
Best,
Bill
www.bills.com/blog/
Also, make sure to get a free financial health check-up with Bills IQ!




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